CONTENTS OF VOLUME 40

ABRAMS, PETER A. Adaptive responses of predators to prey and prey to predators: The failure of the armsrace analogy ...1229

AIDE, MITCHELL T. The influence of wind and animal pollination on variation in outcrossing rates ...434

ALATALO, RAUNO V., AND ARNE LUNDBERG. Heritability and selection on tarsus length in the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) ...574

ALBERCH, PERE. Rules of invariance in evolutionary morphology: The organization of the vertebrate skull. (review) ... 881

ANDERSSON, MALTE. Evolution of conditiondependent sex ornaments and mating preferences: Sexual selection based on viability differences ...804

ARMSTRONG, DAVID M. Magnificent voyagers. (review) ...1102

AviSE, JOHN C., AND DOUGLAS Y. SHAPIRO. Evaluating kinship of newly settled juveniles within social groups of the coral reef fish Anthias squamipinnis ...1051

BELL, GRAHAM. Reply to Reznick et al ...1344

BELL, GRAHAM, AND MIHCAIL PRAISS. Optimality and constraint in a self-fertilized alga . ...194

BELL, MICHAEL A. Extinction: The long and short of it. (review) ...652

BENJAMIN, RICHARD B., AND F. REED HAINSWORTH. Sex change with inbreeding: Experiments on separate versus combined sexes ...843

BERENBAUM, M. R., A. R. ZANGERL, AND J. K. NITAO. Constraints on chemical coevolution: Wild parsnips and the parsnip webworm ...1215

BLACK, W. C., IV, AND E. S. KRAFSUR. Geographic variation in house fly size: Adaptation or larval crowding? ...204

BOCK, JANE H. Sonoran Desert Spring. (review)...661

BRADSHAW, WILLIAM E. Variable iteroparity as a lifehistory tactic in the Pitcher plant mosquito Wyeomyia smithii ...471

BREED, MICHAEL D. Behavioral ecology of a social insect. (review) ...1358

BRYANT, EDWIN H. Do Ries adapt? ...207

BULLINI, L., G. NASCETTI, L. PAGGI, P. ORECCHIA, S. MATTIUCCI, AND B. BERLAND. Genetic variation of Ascaridoid worms with different life cycles...437

BDRGER, REINHARD. Constraints for the evolution of functionally coupled characters: A nonlinear analysis of a phenotypic model ...182

BURLEY, NANCY. Sex-ratio manipulation in colorbanded populations of zebra finches ...1191

CAROTHERS, JOHN H. An experimental confirmation of morphological adaptation: Toe fringes in the sanddwelling lizard
Uma scoparia . 871

CARR, GERALD D., AND DONALD W. KyHos. Adaptive radiation in the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Compositae Madiinae). 11. Cytogenetics of artificial and natural hybrids ...959

CARR, GERALD D., ELIZABETH A. POWELL, AND DONALD W. KYHOS. Self-incompatibility in the Hawaiian Madiinae (Compositae): An exception to Baker's Rule ..430

CARROLL, SCOTT P., AND JENELLA E. LoYE. Female dimorphism in a malemonomorphic species ...874

CASE, TED J. AND MARK L. TAPER. On the coexistence and coevolution of asexual and sexual competitors ... 366

CHARLESWORTH, BRIAN. Entropy: The great illusion. (review) ...879

CHESSER, RONALD K., AND NILS RymAN. Inbreeding as a strategy in subdivided populations ...616

CHESSER, RONALD K., AND ROBERT J. BAKER. On factors affecting the fixation of chromosomal rearrangements and neutral genes: Computer simulations ...625

COYNE, JERRY A., AND MARTIN KREITMAN. Evolutionary genetics of two sibling species, Drosophila simulans and D. sechellia . 673

CRAcRAFT, JOEL. Origin and evolution of continental biotas: Speciation and historical congruence within the Australian avifauna ...977

CRAWFORD, IRVING P. Evolution of prokaryotes. (review)...655

CREIGHTON, G. KEN, AND RICHARD E. STRAUSS. Comparative patterns of growth and development in cricetine rodents and the evolution of ontogeny ... 94

CROZIER, R. H. Genetic clonal recognition abilities in marine invertebrates must be maintained by selection for something else ... 1100

DANZMANN, Roy G., MOIRA M. FERGUSON, FRED W. ALLENDORF, AND KATHY L.KNUDSEN. Heterozygosity and developmental rate in a strain of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) ...86

DAVIS, KATHLEEN M., STEVEN A. SMITH, AND IRA F. GREENBAUM. Evolutionary implications of chromosomal polymorphisms in Peromyscus boylii from southwestern Mexico ...645

EKMAN, JAN, AND CoNNY AsKENMO. Reproductive cost, agespecific survival and a comparison of the reproductive strategy in two European tits (genus Parus) ...159

ELLSTRAND, NORMAN C., AND DIANE L. MARSHALL. Patterns of multiple paternity in populations of Raphanus sativus ...837

FELSENSTEIN, JOSEPH. Waiting for postneoDarwinism. (review) ...883

FERGUSON, MOIRA M. Developmental stability of rainbow trout hybrids: Genomic coadaptation or heterozygosity? ...323

FINCKE, OLA M. Lifetime reproductive success and the opportunity for selection in a nonterritorial damselfly (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) ...791

FISCHER, ERIC A., AND ALAN HARPER. Local mate competition in finite groups ...862

FOLTZ, DAVID W. Null alleles as a possible cause of heterozygote deficiencies in the oyster Crassostrea virginica and other bivalves ...869

FROHLICH, D. R., AND V. J. TEPEDINO. Sex ratio, parental investment, and interparent variability in nesting success in a solitary bee ... 142

FUTUYMA, DOUGLAS J. Ecological entomology. (review) ...1104

GARCIADoRADO, AURORA. The effect of niche preference on polymorphism protection in a heterogeneous environment ...936

GIESEL, JAMES T. Effects of parental photoperiod regime on progeny Development time in Drosophila simulans ...649

GLOVER, DEBORAH E., AND SPENCER C. H. BARRETT. Variation in the mating system of Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms. (Pontederiaceae)...1122

GREENBAUM, IRA F., DAVID W. HALE, AND KATHLEEN P. FuXA. Synaptic adaptation in deer mice: A cellular mechanism for karyotypic orthoselection ...208

HAMRICK, J. L. Plant population biology beyond the crossroads. (review) ...656

HANKEN, JAMES. Morphological evolution. (review)...443

HARE, J. DANIEL, AND GEORGE G. KENNEDY. Genetic variation in Plant-insect associations: Survival of Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations on Solanum carolinense ...1031

HEDRICK, PHILIP W., AND C. CLARK COCKERHAM. Partial inbreeding: Equilibrium heterozygosity and the heterozygosity paradox ...856

HEYWOOD, JOHN S. Clinal variation associated with edaphic ecotones in hybrid populations of Gaillardia pulchella ...1132

HIGUET, D. Disruptive selection on body weight in Drosophila melanogaster ...272

HILL, JEFFREY P., AND ELIZABETH M. LORD. Dynamics of pollen tube growth in the wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum (Brassicaceae). I. Order of fertilization ...1328

HILLIS, DAVID M., AND SCOTT K. DAVIS. Evolution of ribosomal DNA: Fifty million years of recorded history in the frog genus Rana ...1275

HOFFMANN, ARY A., MICHAEL TURELLI, AND GAIL M. SIMMONS. Unidirectional incompatibility between populations of Drosophila simulans ...692

HOFFMANN, RICHARD J. Variation in contributions of asexual reproduction to the genetic structure of populations of the sea anemone Metridium senile ...357

HOLSINGER, KENT E. Dispersal and plant mating systems: The evolution of self-fertilization in subdivided populations ...405

HOWARD, DANIEL J. A zone of overlap and hybridization between two ground cricket species ...34

HUGHES, JANE M., AND PETER B.MATHER. Evidence for predation as a factor in determining shell color frequencies in a mangrove snail Littorina sp. (Prosobranchia: Littorinidae)...68

ICHUS, NOBUAKI. Disjunctive cline of critical photoperiod in the reproductive diapause of Drosophila lacertosa ...418

IVES, P. T., AND H. T. BAND. Continuing studies on the South Amherst Drosophila melanogaster natural population during the 1970s and 1980s ...1289

KALISZ, SUSAN. Variable selection on the timing of germination in Collinsia verna (Scrophulariaceae)...479

KOCHER, THOMAs D., AND RICHARD D. SAGE. Further genetic analyses of a hybrid zone between leopard frogs (Rana pipiens complex) in central Texas ...21

LACHAISE, DANIEL, JEAN R. DAVID, FRANCoISE LEMEUNIER, LEONIDAS TSACAS, AND MICHAEL ASHBURNER. The reproductive relationships of Drosophild sechellia with D. mauritiana, D. simulans, and D. melanogaster from the Afrotropical region ...262

LEWIS, ALCINDA C. Insects and flowers. (review) ...660

LINHART, YAN B. Natural history and evolution. (review) ...659

LIVELY, CURTIS M. Predatorinduced shell dimorphism in the acorn bamac echthamalus anisopoma ... 232

LiVEZEY, BRADLEY C., AND PHILIP S. HUMPHREY. Flightlessness in steamerducks (Anatidae: Tachyeres): Its morphological bases and probable evolution ...540

LOFSVOLD, DAVID. Quantitative genetics of morphological differentiation in Peromyscus. 1. Tests of the homogeneity of genetic covariance structure among species and subspecies ...559

LYNCH, MICHAEL. Random drift, uniform selection, and the degree of population differentiation ...640

LYNCH, MICHAEL, AND WILLIAM G. HILL. Phenotypic evolution by neutral mutation . ..915

LYON, BRUCE E., AND ROBERT D. MONTGOMERIE. Delayed plumage maturation in passerine birds: Reliable signaling by subordinate males?...605

MADDOX, G. DAVID, AND NAOMI CAPPUCCINO. Genetic determination of plant susceptibility to an herbivorous insect depends on environmental context ...863

MASON, PAUL, AND STEPHEN 1. ROTHSTEIN. Coevolution and avian brood parasitism: Cowbird eggs show evolutionary response to host discrimination ...1207

MAYR, ERNST, AND ROBERT J. O'HARA. The biogeographic evidence supporting the Pleistocene forest refuge hypothesis ...55

MCCLENAGHAN, LEROY R., JR., AND ARTHUR C. BEAUCHAMP. Low genic differentiation among isolated populations of the California fan palm (Washingtonia filifera)...315

McLAIN, DENSON KELLY, AND KARAmj1T S. RAI. Reinforcement for ethological isolation in the Southeast Asian Aedes albopictus subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae)...1346

McROBERT, SCOTT P., AND LAURIE TomPKn,;s. Incomplete behavioral isolation between two distantly related Drosophila species ...1185

MILLER, RAYMOND D., AND DANIEL L. HARTL. Biotyping confirms a nearly clonal population structure in Escherichia coli ...1

MITCHELLOLDS, THOMAS. Quantitative genetics of survival and growth in Impatiens capensis ...107

MOCK, DOUGLAS W., AND GEOFFREY A. PARKER. Advantages and disadvantages of egret and heron brood reduction ...459

MONAGHAN, P., AND N. B. METCALFE. On being the right size: Natural selection and body size in the herring gull ...1096

MORAN, NANCY A. Morphological adaptation to host plants in Uroleucon (Homoptera: Aphididae) ...1044

MORRIS, DOUGLAS, W. Proximate and ultimate controls on lifehistory variation: The evolution of litter size in whitefooted mice (Peromyscus leilcOPus)...169

MORT, MONA A., AND HANS GEORG WOLF. The genetic structure of largelake Daphnia populations ...756

MUELLER, LAURENCE D., AND VAUGHN F. SWEET. Density-dependent natural selection in Drosophila: Evolution of pupation height ...1354

NEI, MASATOSHi. Definition and estimation of fixation indices ...643

NEVO, EVIATOR, AVIGDOR BEILES, DIANE KAPLAN, EDWARD M. GOLENBERG, LINDA OLSVIGWHITTAKER, AND ZE'Ev NAVEH. Natural selection of allozyme polymorphisms: A microsite test revealing ecological genetic differentiation in wild barley...13

NoNACs, PETER. Sex-ratio determination within colonies of ants ...199

ORZACK, STEVEN HECHT. Sexratio control in a parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. 11. Experimental analysis of an optimal sex-ratio model ...341

ORZACK, STEVEN HECHT, AND E. DAVIS PARKER, JR. Sexratio control in a parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. 1. Genetic variation in facultative sex-ratio adjustment ...331

PALMER, JAMES 0., AND HUGH DINGLE. Direct and correlated responses to selection among lifehistory traits in milkweed bugs (Oncopeltus fasciat its)...767

PAPAJ, DANIEL R. Interpopulation differences in host preference and the Evolution of learning in the butterfly, Battus philenor ...518

PECK, STEWART B. Evolution of adult morphology and lifehistory characters in cavemicolous Ptomaphagus beetles ...1021

PIERCE, BENJAMIN A. Evolutionary Biology. (review) ...214

PREGILL, GREGORY. Body size of insular lizards: A pattern of Holocene Dwarfism ...997

PROUT, TIMOTHY. Hardy-Weinberg and fertility selection ...1357

REZNICK, DAVID N., ELGIN PERRY, AND JOSEPH TRAVIS. Measuring the cost of reproduction: A comment on papers by Bell ...1338

RICE, WILLIAM R. On the instability of polygenic sex determination: The effect of sex-specific selection ...633

RINGO, JOHN M., HAROLD B. DOWSE, AND STEVEN LAGASSE. Symmetry versus asymmetry in sexual isolation experiments. ...1071

RisKA, BRUCE. Some models for development, growth, and morphometric correlation ...1303

RoFF, DEREK A. The evolution of wing dimorphism in insects ...1009

ROGERS, ALAN R., AND HENRY C. HARPENDING. Migration and genetic drift in human populations ...1312

Ruiz, A., A. FONTDEVILA, M. SANTOS, M. SEOANE, AND E. TORROJA. The evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. VIII. Evidence for endocyclic selection acting on the inversion polymorphism in a natural population ...740

SAGE, RICHARD D., AND JERRY 0. WOLFF. Pleistocene glaciations, fluctuating ranges, and low genetic variability in a large mammal (Ovis dalli)...1092

SAKALUK, SCOTT K. Sperm competition and the evolution of nuptial feeding behavior in the cricket, Gryllodes supplicans (Walker) ...584

SCHEMSKE, DOUGLAS W., AND RUSSELL LANDE. Mode of pollination and selection on mating system: A comment on Aide's paper ...436

SCHENCK, RUSSELL A., AND ROBERT C. VRIJENHOEK. Spatial and temporal factors affecting coexistence among sexual and clonal forms of Poeciliopsis ...1060

SCHLUTER, DOLPH, AND JAMES N. M. SMITH. Natural selection on beak and body size in the song sparrow ...221

SCHMITT, JOHANNA, AND JANIS ANTONOVICS. Experimental studies of the evolutionary significance of sexual reproduction. 111. Maternal and paternal effects during seedling establishment ...817

SCHMITT, JOHANNA~ AND JANIS ANTONOVICS. Experimental studies of the evolutionary significance of sexual reproduction. IV. Effect of neighbor relatedness and aphid infestation on seedling performance ...830

SCHOEN, DANIEL J., AND STEVEN C. STEWART. Variation in male reproductive investment and male reproductive success in white spruce ...1109

SCHWAEGERLE, KENT E., K. GARBUTT, AND F. A. BAzzAz. Differentiation among nine populations of Phlox. 1. Electrophoretic and quantitative variation ...506

SCOTT, DAVID. Inhibition of female Drosophila melanogaster remating by a seminal fluid protein (Esterase 6) ...1084

SHAW, RUTH G. Response to density in a wild population of the perennial herb Salvia lyrata: Variation among families ...492

SHEPPARD, WALTER S., AND STEVEN L. HEYDON. High levels of genetic variability in three malehaploid species (Hymenoptera: Argidae, Tenthredinidae) ...1350

SMOUSE, PETER E. The fitness consequences of multiplelocus heterozygosity under the multiplicative overdominance and inbreeding depression models ...946

SMOUSE, PETER E. The neolithic transition and the genetics of populations in Europe: A review. (review) ...444

SOLIGNAC, MICHAEL, AND MONIQUE MONNEROT. Race formation, speciation, and introgression within Drosophila simulans, D. mauritiana, and D. sechellia inferred from mitochondrial DNA analysis ...531

STARMER, WILLIAM T., PHILIP F. GANTER, AND HERMAN J. PHAFF. Quantum and continuous evolution of DNA base composition in the yeast genus Pichia ...1263

STEARNS, STEPHEN C., AND JACOB C. KOELLA. The evolution of phenotypic plasticity in lifehistory traits: Predictions of reaction norms for age and size at maturity ...893

STEBBINS, G. L., AND DOMINICK V. BASILE. Phyletic phenocopies: A useful technique for probing the genetic and developmental basis of evolutionary change ...422

STEPHENSON, ANDREW G., AND JAMES A. WINSOR. Lotus corniculatus regulates offspring quality through selective fruit abortion ...453

STRATTON, GAIL E., AND GEORGE W. UETZ. The inheritance of courtship behavior and its role as a reproductive isolating mechanism in two species of Schizocosa wolf spiders (Araneae; Lycosidae)...129

STURGEON, KAREEN B., AND JEFFRY B. MITTON. Allozyme and morphological differentiation of mountain pine beetles Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) associated with host tree. ...290

SULLIVAN, JUDY A., AND R. JACK SCHuLTz. Genetic and environmental basis of variable sex ratios in laboratory strains of Poeciliopsis lucida ...`152

SUTHERLAND, STEVE. Patterns of fruitset: What controls fruitflower ratios in plants?...117

SYTSMA, KENNETH J., AND LESLIE D. GOTTLIEB. Chloroplast DNA evolution and phylogenetic relationships in Clarkia Sect. Peripetasma (Onagraceae) ...1248

SZYMURA, JACEK M., AND NICHOLAS H. BARTON. Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the firebellied toads, Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in southern Poland. ...1141

TAYLOR, CHARLES E. Philosophy for a new biology. (review)...877

TAYLOR, JOHN W., BEVERLY D. SMOLICH, AND GEORGIANA MAY. Evolution and mitochondrial DNA in Neurospora crassa ...716

TEMME, DAVID H. Seed size variability: A consequence of variable genetic quality among offspring?...414

THOMPSON, PAMELA, AND JACK W. SITES, JR. Comparison of population structure in chromosomally polytypic and monotypic species of Sceloporus (Sauria: Iguanidae) in relation to chromosomallymediated speciation ...303

THORNHILL, RANDY. Early history of sexual selection theory. (review)...446

TRAVIS, JOSEPH, AND SABINE HENRICH. Some problems in estimating the intensity of selection through fertility differences in natural and experimental populations ...786

TROYER, KATHERINE. Dinosaurs for grownups. (review)...1102

UYENOYAMA, MARCY K. Inbreeding and the cost of meiosis: The evolution of selfing in populations practicing biparental inbreeding ...388

VAN BERKUM, FREDERICA H. Evolutionary patterns of the thermal sensitivity of sprint speed in Anolis lizards ...594

VIA, SARA. Genetic covariance between oviposition preference and larval performance in an insect herbivore ...778

VIGNEAULT, GILLES, AND E. ZOUROS. The genetics of asymmetrical male sterility in Drosophila mojavensis and Drosophila arizonensis hybrids: Interactions between the Ychromosome and autosomes ...1160

VITALE, JEFFREY J., AND D. CARL FREEMAN. Partial niche separation in Spinacia oleracea L.: An examination of reproductive allocation ...426

WAKE, DAVID B., AND KAY P. YANEV. Geographic variation in allozymes in a "ring species," the plethodontid salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii of western North America ...702

WAKE, DAVID B., KAY P. YANEV, AND CHARLES W. BROWN. Intraspecific sympatry in a "ring species," the plethodontid salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii, in southern California ...866

WAYNE, ROBERT K. Cranial morphology of domestic and wild canids: The influence of development on morphological change ...243

WAYNE, ROBERT K., WILLIAM S. MODI, AND STEPHEN J. O'BRIEN. Morphological variability and asymmetry in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), a genetically uniform species ...78

WELLER, STEPHEN G. Factors influencing frequency of the midstyled morph in tristylous populations of Oxalis alpina ...279

WERK, KENNETH S., AND JAMES EHLERINGER. Effect of nonrandom leaf orientation on reproduction in Lactuca serriola L ...1334

WILLIAMS, SCOTT M., AND CURTIS STROBECK. Measuring the multiple insemination frequency of Drosophila in nature: Use of a Y-linked molecular marker ...440

WYNN, ADDISON H. Linkage disequilibrium and a contact zone in Plethodon cinereus on the DelMarVa Peninsula ...44

ZOUROS, E. A model for the evolution of asymmetrical male hybrid sterility And its implications for speciation ...1171